Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase(NAMPT) has two usual synonyms termed Visfatin and PBEF. Its primary role is to catalyze the condensation of nicotinamide with 5-phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate to yield nicotinamide mononucleotide, an intermediate in the biosynthesis of NAD, which is the rate limiting component in the mammalian NAD biosynthesis pathway. NAMPT is localized in cytoplasm and expressed in large amounts in bone marrow, liver tissue, and muscle tissues. NAMPT inhibits neutrophil apoptosis in experimental inflammation and clinical sepsis. NAMPT levels are altered in plasma of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and it is now evidenced that NAMPT may plays a role in lipid metabolism.